A global ecological zones (GEZ) map and database has been developed for the “Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000” (FRA 2000) conducted by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. gez2001-ad652e.pdf gez2015-ap861e.pdf https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/bfd3c3b0-8fd7-4dac-a38f-c3b83243a4f7 https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/b64b7abf-5175-48e0-8593-cafc2a513930/content https://www.britannica.com/science/classification-1703397 https://www.fao.org/4/ad652e/ad652e00.htm https://forest.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en/activities/lulucf/ipcc-classifications/global-ecological-zones/ https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/21704ea1-2b36-4092-9de4-236d24821a08 https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/66c5361d-d454-49c7-9ebe-21b40839b3b9/content/ad652e.htm EZ Level 1 – Domain ; EZ Level 2 – Global Ecological Zone Name ; Criteria (Equivalent to Köppen-Trewartha Climatic groups) Name (reflecting dominant zonala vegetation) ; Code ; Criteria - (approximate equivalent of Köppen – Trewartha Climatic types, in combination with vegetation physiognomy and one orographic zone within each domain) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HLC Tree (ZW Levels);HLC-M;HLC-Y;HLC-S;REF-CODE;DESCRIPTION;DETAILS 810 (0);810|690;R0Z00;GZ00|GEZ;GZ00|EZ;Global Ecological Zones;{(90N)(90S)} 810-8105 (0.5);8105;R0Z50;GZ50|PEZ;GZ50|Z5;Polar Ecological Zone;(all months below 10C) 810-8105-690P;690P;R0Z5P;GZ5P|P;GZ5P;Polar (P);all months below 10C 810-8105-8000;8000;R0Z20;GZ20|KCZ;GZ20|Z0;Arctic Climate Zone;North Pole <-> Arctic Circle {(90N)(663339N/60N)} 810-8105-8004;8004;R0Z24;GZ24|QCZ;GZ24|Z4;Antarctic Climate Zone;Antarctic Circle <-> South Pole {(663339S/60S)(90S)} 810-8106 (0.6);8106;R0Z60;GZ60|BEZ;GZ60|Z6;Boreal/Subpolar Ecological Zone;(up to 3 months over 10C) 810-8106-690A;690A;R0Z6A;GZ6A|Ba;GZ6A;Boreal coniferous forest (A);Vegetation physiognomy: coniferous dense forest dominant 810-8106-690B;690B;R0Z6B;GZ6B|Bb;GZ6B;Boreal tundra woodland (B);Vegetation physiognomy: woodland and sparse forest dominant 810-8106-690D;690D;R0Z6D;GZ6D|BM;GZ6D;Boreal mountain systems (D);Approximate > 600 m altitude 810-8106-8101;8101;R0Z11;GZ61|SKZ;GZ11|ZK;Subarctic Climate Zone;{(66N/70N)(46N/50N)} 810-8106-8104;8104;R0Z14;GZ64|SQZ;GZ14|ZQ;Subantarctic Climate Zone;{(35N/40N)(232609N)} 810-8107 (0.7);8107;R0Z70;GZ70|TEZ;GZ70|Z7;Temperate Ecological Zone;(four to eight months over 10C 810-8107-690F;690F;R0Z7F;GZ7F|TeDo;GZ7F;Temperate oceanic forest (F);Oceanic climate: coldest month over 0C 810-8107-690G;690G;R0Z7G;GZ7G|TeDc;GZ7G;Temperate continental forest (G);Continental climate: coldest month under 0C 810-8107-690H;690H;R0Z7H;GZ7H|TeBSk;GZ7H;Temperate steppe (H);Semi-Arid: Evaporation > Precipitation 810-8107-690I;690I;R0Z7I;GZ7I|TeBWk;GZ7I;Temperate desert (I);Arid: All months dry 810-8107-690J;690J;R0Z7J;GZ7J|TeM;GZ7J;Temperate mountain systems (J);Approximate > 800 m altitude 810-8107-8001;8001;R0Z21;GZ21|NTZ;GZ21|Z1;Northern Temperate Climate;Arctic Circle <-> Tropic of Cancer {(663339N/60N)(232622N)} 810-8107-8003;8003;R0Z23;GZ23|STZ;GZ23|Z3;Southern Temperate Climate;Tropic of Capricorn <-> Antarctic Circle {(232622S)(663339S)} 810-8108 (0.8);8108;R0Z80;GZ80|SLZ;GZ80|Z8;Subtropical Ecological Zone;(eight months or more over 10C) 810-8108-690K;690K;R0Z8K;GZ8K|SCf;GZ8K;Subtropical humid forest (K);Humid: No dry season 810-8108-690L;690L;R0Z8L;GZ8L|SCs;GZ8L;Subtropical dry forest (L);Seasonally Dry: Winter rains, dry summer 810-8108-690O;690O;R0Z8O;GZ8O|SBSh;GZ8O;Subtropical steppe (O);Semi-Arid: Evaporation > Precipitation 810-8108-690Q;690Q;R0Z8Q;GZ8Q|SBWh;GZ8Q;Subtropical desert (Q);Arid All months dry 810-8108-690R;690R;R0Z8R;GZ8R|SM;GZ8R;Subtropical mountain systems (R);Approximate > 800-1000 m altitude 810-8108-8102;8102;R0Z12;G712|NSZ;GZ12|ZC;Northern Subtropics;{(35N/40N)(232609N)} 810-8108-8103;8103;R0Z13;GZ13|SSZ;GZ13|ZL;Southern Subtropics;{(232609S)(35S/40S)} 810-8109 (0.9);8109;R0Z90;GZ90|TLZ;GZ90|Z9;Tropical Ecological Zone (see also ECZ);(all months without frost: in marine areas over 18C) 810-8109-690T;690T;R0Z9T;GZ9T|TAr;GZ9T;Tropical rain forest (T);Wet: 0-3 months dryb. When dry period, during winter 810-8109-690U;690U;R0Z9U;GZ9U|TAwa;GZ9U;Tropical moist deciduous forest (U);Wet/dry: 3-5 months dry, during winter 810-8109-690V;690V;R0Z9V;GZ9V|TAwb;GZ9V;Tropical dry forest (V);Dry/wet: 5-8 months dry, during winter 810-8109-690X;690X;R0Z9X;GZ9X|TBSh;GZ9X;Tropical shrubland (X);Semi-Arid: Evaporation > Precipitation 810-8109-690Y;690Y;R0Z9Y;GZ9Y|TBWh;GZ9Y;Tropical desert (Y);Arid: All months dry 810-8109-690Z;690Z;R0Z9Z;GZ9Z|TM;GZ9Z;Tropical mountain system (Z);Approximate > 1000 m altitude (local variations) 810-8109-8002;8002;R0Z20;GZ20|ECZ;GZ20|Z2;Equator Tropical Climate (see also TEZ);Tropic of Cancer <-> Tropic of Capricorn {(232622N)(232622S)} 810-8109-8005;8005;R0Z25;GZ25|NEZ;GZ25|ZN;Northern Tropic;Tropic of Cancer <-> Equator {(232622N)(0N/0S)} 810-8109-8006;8006;R0Z26;GZ26|SEZ;GZ26|ZS;Southern Tropic;Equator <-> Tropic of Capricorn {(0S/0N)(232622S)} Notes: a Zonal vegetation: resulting from the variation in environmental, i.e. climatic, conditions in a north south direction. b A dry month is defined as the month in which the total of precipitation P expressed in millimeters is equal to or less than twice --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GZ50|Z5 Polar Ecological Zone (P) GZ5P Polar GZ60|Z6 Boreal/Subpolar Ecological Zone GZ6A Boreal coniferous forest (A): GB,SE GZ6B Boreal tundra woodland (B) GZ6D Boreal mountain systems (D): GB,SE GZ70|Z7 Temperate Ecological Zone GZ7F Temperate oceanic forest (F): AT,BE,CZ,DE,DK,ES,FR,GB,IE,IT,LU,NL,PL,PT,SE GZ7G Temperate continental forest (G): AT,BG,CZ,DE,EE,GR,HR,HU,LT,LV,PL,RO,SE,SI,SK GZ7H Temperate steppe (H): BG,RO GZ7I Temperate desert (I) GZ7J Temperate mountain systems (J): AT,BE,BG,CZ,DE,ES,FR,GB,GR,HR,IE,IT,LU,PL,PT,RO,SI,SK GZ80|Z8 Subtropical Ecological Zone GZ8K Subtropical humid forest (K) GZ8L Subtropical dry forest (L): BG,CY,ES,FR,GR,HR,IT,PT,SI GZ8O Subtropical steppe (O) GZ8Q Subtropical desert (Q) GZ8R Subtropical mountain systems (R): ES,FR,GR,HR,IT,PT GZ90|Z9 Tropical Ecological Zone (see also ECZ) GZ9T Tropical rain forest (T) GZ9U Tropical moist deciduous forest (U) GZ9V Tropical dry forest (V) GZ9X Tropical shrubland (X) GZ9Y Tropical desert (Y) GZ9Z Tropical mountain system (Z) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification Köppen climate classification scheme symbols description table[9][1][11] 1st 2nd 3rd A (Tropical) f (Rainforest) m (Monsoon) w (Savanna, dry winter) s (Savanna, dry summer) B (Dry) W (Arid desert) h (Hot) S (Semi-arid steppe) k (Cold) C (Temperate) w (Dry winter) a (Hot summer) f (No dry season) b (Warm summer) s (Dry summer) c (Cold summer) D (Continental) a (Hot summer) w (Dry winter) b (Warm summer) f (No dry season) c (Cold summer) s (Dry summer) d (Very cold winter) E (Polar) T (Tundra) F (Ice cap) Köppen–Geiger climate classification The Köppen climate classification scheme divides climates into five main climate groups: A (tropical), B (arid), C (temperate), D (continental), and E (polar).[12] The second letter indicates the seasonal precipitation type, while the third letter indicates the level of heat.[13] Summers are defined as the six-month period that is warmer either from April to September or October to March, while winter is the six-month period that is cooler.[9][11] Class A (tropical) Tropical rainforest (Af) Tropical monsoon (Am) Tropical savanna (Aw, As) Class B (arid) Desert (BWh, BWk) Semi-arid (BSh, BSk) Class C (temperate) Humid subtropical (Cfa, Cwa) Oceanic (Cfb, Cwb, Cfc, Cwc) Mediterranean (Csa, Csb, Csc) Class D (continental) Humid continental (Dfa, Dwa, Dsa, Dfb, Dwb, Dsb) Subarctic (Dfc, Dwc, Dsc, Dfd, Dwd, Dsd) Class E (Polar) Tundra (ET) Ice cap (EF) Alpine (ET, EF) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification Koppen Koppen name Trewartha likely Trewartha also possible Mapping type Note Af Tropical rainforest Ar near-exact All months tropical; Trewartha Ar is tropical wet Am Tropical monsoon Am Ar or Aw near-exact-later-usage Trewartha originally lacked Am but later users add it with Koppen-like logic Aw Tropical savanna (dry winter) Aw near-exact Dry winter tropical subtype aligns closely As Tropical savanna (dry summer) As near-exact Dry summer tropical subtype aligns closely BWh Hot desert BW broad-match Trewartha usually merges hot and cold desert into BW BWk Cold desert BW broad-match Trewartha usually merges hot and cold desert into BW BSh Hot steppe BS broad-match Trewartha usually merges hot and cold steppe into BS BSk Cold steppe BS broad-match Trewartha usually merges hot and cold steppe into BS Csa Hot-summer Mediterranean Csa Do conditional Usually Trewartha C if 8+ months are >=10 C; cooler margins drop to Do Csb Warm-summer Mediterranean Csb Do conditional Usually Trewartha C if 8+ months are >=10 C; cooler margins drop to Do Csc Cool-summer Mediterranean Eo usual-shift Only 1-3 months >=10 C fits Trewartha boreal E; maritime examples are Eo Cwa Humid subtropical (dry winter) Cwa Do conditional Trewartha treats Cw as a dry-winter subtype within/alongside Cf; cooler margins drop to Do Cwb Subtropical highland / temperate oceanic (dry winter) Cwb Do conditional Warmer long-summer cases stay in Trewartha Cw; cooler ones become Do Cwc Cold subtropical highland / subpolar oceanic (dry winter) Eo usual-shift Only 1-3 months >=10 C; usually maritime boreal Eo Cfa Humid subtropical Cfa Do conditional-often-same Trewartha uses Cfa for hot-summer humid subtropical when 8+ months are >=10 C; cooler fringe cases can become Do Cfb Oceanic Cfb Do conditional Warmer oceanic cases can remain Trewartha Cfb; many classic oceanic climates shift to Do because Trewartha re-sorts by months >=10 C Cfc Subpolar oceanic Eo usual-shift Only 1-3 months >=10 C; maritime boreal Eo is the closest Trewartha match Dsa Hot dry-summer continental Dca Dc broad-match Trewartha usually preserves continentality and summer warmth but not the dry-summer letter Dsb Warm dry-summer continental Dcb Dc broad-match Trewartha usually preserves continentality and summer warmth but not the dry-summer letter Dsc Dry-summer subarctic Ec usual-shift Only 1-3 months >=10 C; Trewartha moves these to boreal E Dsd Extremely cold dry-summer subarctic Ec usual-shift Trewartha has no direct counterpart for Koppen d severity suffix Dwa Monsoon-influenced hot-summer continental Dca Dc broad-match Trewartha usually preserves continentality and summer warmth but not the winter-dry letter Dwb Monsoon-influenced warm-summer continental Dcb Dc broad-match Trewartha usually preserves continentality and summer warmth but not the winter-dry letter Dwc Monsoon-influenced subarctic Ec usual-shift Only 1-3 months >=10 C; Trewartha moves these to boreal E Dwd Monsoon-influenced extremely cold subarctic Ec usual-shift Trewartha has no direct counterpart for Koppen d severity suffix Dfa Hot-summer humid continental Dca Dc broad-match Trewartha Dca is the closest common match Dfb Warm-summer humid continental Dcb Dc broad-match Trewartha Dcb is the closest common match Dfc Subarctic Ec strong-match Classic continental boreal match in Trewartha Dfd Extremely cold subarctic Ec strong-match Trewartha lacks a separate d severity counterpart ET Tundra Ft near-exact Trewartha Ft corresponds closely to Koppen ET EF Ice cap Fi near-exact Trewartha Fi corresponds closely to Koppen EF